Brand Names in Military English. The link between two worlds


Abstract


Abstract – Following a terminological introduction on the much-debated issue of brand names, this article provides a qualitative overview of the use of both non-genericized and genericized brand names in military English. The scope of this study spans from brand names of military hardware – limited to small arms operated in World War I and World War II (North, Hogg 1977; Bishop 2014a, 2014b) – to everyday brand names employed in specialized military coding systems, included in the NATO-approved glossary of brevity words, namely the Joint Brevity Words Publication (JBWP). By means of selected examples, the aim of this article is twofold: on the one hand, it is an attempt to establish a link between the world of war, mostly the armed forces, and the linguistically complex world of brand names; on the other hand, it tries to identify common trends in the use of brand names in military terminology and detect the word formation processes, both lexico-semantic and morpho-syntactic, that lead to their coinage.


DOI Code: 10.1285/i22390359v22p49

Keywords: brand names; brevity words; eponymy; genericness; military terminology

References


Beebe B. 2008, The semiotic account of trademark doctrine and trademark culture, in Dinwoodie G.B. and Janis M.D. (eds.), Trademark Law and Theory. A Handbook of Contemporary Research, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham Glos, pp. 42-64.

Bishop C. (ed.) 2014a, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War I, Amber Books, London.

Bishop C. (ed.) 2014b, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II, Amber Books, London.

Dalzell T. 2009, The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English, Routledge, New York/London.

Ephratt M. 2003, Genericness: The Passage from a Word Mark to a Lexeme, in “Semiotica” 146, pp. 393-417.

Er M. 2012, The Role of Foreign Language in the Success of Global Military Operations and English as a Global Lingua Franca, in “International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies” 4 [1], pp. 279-286.

Fiano C. and Grimaldi A.D. 2017, NATO Brevity Words for Military Maritime Operations: Metaphors and Unpredictable Meanings, in Antinucci R. and Petrillo M.G. (eds.), Navigating Maritime Languages and Narratives: New Perspectives in English and French, Peter Lang, Bern, pp. 139-153.

Furiassi C. 2006, Translating American and British trademarks into Italian. Are bilingual dictionaries an aid to the user?, in San Vicente F. (ed.), Lessicografia bilingue e traduzione: metodi, strumenti, approcci attuali, Polimetrica, Monza, pp. 199-214.

Furiassi C. 2012, Brand Culture Mirrored in Dictionaries: Generic Trademarks in English and Italian, in Facchinetti R. (ed.), English Dictionaries as Cultural Mines, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, pp. 95-114.

Furiassi C. and Fiano C. 2017, The Anglicization of Italian Military Language, in Faini P. (ed.), Terminological Approaches in the European Context, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, pp. 149-166.

Geeraerts D. 1997, Diachronic Prototype Semantics: A Contribution to Historical Lexicology, Clarendon Press, Oxford.

[JBWP] 2010, Joint Brevity Words Publication, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)/NATO Standardization Agency (NSA), Brussels.

Landau S.I. 2001, Dictionaries: The Art and Craft of Lexicography, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Lawrence E.A. 1993, The Sacred Bee, the Filthy Pig, and the Bat out of Hell: Animal Symbolism a Cognitive Biophilia, in Kellert S.R. and Wilson E.O. (eds.), The Biophilia Hypothesis, Island Press, Washington (DC), pp. 301-340.

Lipka L. 2006, Naming Units (NUs), Observational Linguistics and Reference as a Speech Act or What’s in a Name, in “SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics” 3, pp. 30-39.

López Rúa P. 2006, Non-Morphological Word Formation, in Brown K. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, Elsevier, Oxford, vol. 2, pp. 675-678.

Lyons J. 1977a, Semantics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, vol. 1.

Lyons J. 1977b, Semantics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, vol. 2.

Medway D. and Warnaby G. 2014, What’s in a Name? Place Branding and Toponymic Commodification, in “Environment and Planning” 46, pp. 153-167.

[Merriam-Webster] Gove P.B. (ed.) 2002, Webster’s Third New International Dictionary Unabridged, Merriam-Webster, Springfield (MA). unabridged.merriam-webster.com (2.4.2017)

Moss H.K. 1995, Pseudoanglicisms in Italian: Concept and usage, in “Italian Studies” L, pp. 123-138.

[MSBC] 2005, BREVITY. Multi-Service Brevity Codes, Air Land Sea Application Center (ALSAC), Langley (VA).

North A. and Hogg I.V. 1977, The Book of Guns and Gunsmiths, William Collins, Glasgow.

[OCEL] McArthur T. 1992, The Oxford Companion to the English Language, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

[OED] Simpson J. and Weiner E. (eds.) 1989, The Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, Oxford. www.oed.com (2.4.2017)

[Oxford-Paravia] 2006, Oxford Paravia. Il Dizionario Inglese-Italiano Italiano-Inglese, Paravia Bruno Mondadori, Torino/Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Paganoni M.C. 2007, Recontextualizing Language: Indian Activists and the Recasting of English, in Garzone G. and Ilie C. (eds.), The Use of English in Institutional and Business Settings: An Intercultural Perspective, Peter Lang, Bern, pp. 177-196.

Panajotu K. 2010, Abbreviations and acronyms in military English, in “Academic and Applied Research in Public Management Science (AARMS)” 9 [1], pp. 159-165.

Schroeder J.E. and Salzer-Mörling M. 2006, Introduction: The Cultural Codes of Branding, in Schroeder J.E. and Salzer-Mörling M. (eds.), Brand Culture, Routledge, London/New York, pp. 1-12.

Wilkof N.J. and ‎Burkitt, D. 2005, Trade Mark Licensing and the Functions of a Trade Mark, in Wilkof N.J. and Burkitt D. (eds.), Trade Mark Licensing, Sweet & Maxwell, London, pp. 20-41.


Full Text: pdf

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 3.0 Italia License.