Email this article La strategia del questioning nell'interazione dialogica: verso una definizione di continua pragmatico-funzionali
Abstract
Abstract - This work investigates the Questioning strategy within dialogical speech, considered the prototypical verbal interaction. In order to implement this communicative strategy, speakers need to take care of different kinds of aspects: information exchange involves interpersonal aspects as well as the propositional content connected with the specific communicative aims (in our case, the solution of the task-oriented dialogue). Therefore, we present an analysis considering these two levels in which interlocutors cooperate: an interactional and relational level, as well as a task-oriented level. These aspects are obviously related to idiosyncratic characteristics of each speaker and depend on social, cultural, relational and situational factors too.
In spite of all this variability, we present some functional-pragmatic continua as a valid and accurate interpretation key of the dynamics of the Questioning strategy. They reflect two different and often opposite forces acting simultaneously: on the one hand, the need to communicate a specific message to reach a common goal and, on the other hand, the effort to maintain the relationship with the interlocutor.References
Alfano I. 2012, Las peticiones en lengua española: un análisis en diálogos pragmáticamente orientados, in Alessandro Cassol, Flavia Gherardi, Augusto Guarino, Giovanna Mapelli, Francisco Matte Bon, Pietro Taravacci (eds.), Il dialogo. Lingue, letterature, linguaggi, culture, Atti del XXV Congresso AISPI (Napoli, 18-21 febbraio 2009), Roma, Edizioni AISPI, 2012 (ISBN: 9788890789717).
Alfano I. and Savy R. 2012, Los estilos conversacionales en la interacción dialógica: un análisis de las peticiones en italiano y español, Oralia. Análisis del dicurso oral, volume 15 (ISSN 1575-1430).
Allen J.F. and Core M. G. 1997, DAMSL: Dialog act markup in several layers (draft 2.1). Technical report, Multiparty Discourse Group, Discourse Research Initiative, September/October 1997: https://www.cs.rochester.edu/research/speech/damsl/RevisedManual/ (24/07/2014).
Allwood J. 1997, Notes on Dialog and Cooperation, in K. Jokinen, D. Sadek and D. Traum (eds.) Collaboration, cooperation and conflict in dialogue systems. Proceedings of the IJCAI-97. Nagoya, August.
Asher N. 2004, Discourse topic, in Theoretical Linguistics 20, 163-201.
Austin J. L. 1962, How to do things with words, Oxford University Press, London.
Beyssade C. and Marandin J. 2002, Topic Marking, Discourse Topic and Discourse Moves, in A. Bende Farkas (ed), Workshop on Information Structure in Context, Stuttgart.
Briz A. 2000, El análisis de un texto oral coloquial, in A. Briz Gómez & GRUPO VAL.ES.CO. (eds.). ¿Cómo se comenta un texto coloquial?, Barcelona: Ariel Practicum, pp. 29-48.
Brown G. and Yule G. 1983, Discourse Analysis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Brown P. and Levinson S. 1987, Politeness. Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Büring D. 1997, The Meaning of Topic and Focus: The 59th Street Bridge Accent, London, Routledge.
Carletta J., Isard A. et al. 1996, HCRC Dialogue Structure Coding Manual, Technical Report, 82. Human Communication Research Center, University of Edinburgh.
Carlson L. 1983, Dialogue Games: An approach to Discourse Analysis, Dordrecht, D. Reidel Co.
Cerrato L. 2007, Sulle tecniche di elicitazione di parlato semispontaneo, Technical Report, progetto CLIPS, http://www.clips.unina.it (27/02/2014)
Cutugno F. 2007, Criteri per la definizione delle mappe, esempi di mappe e di vignette per il gioco delle differenze, Technical Report, progetto CLIPS, http://www.clips.unina.it (27/02/2014)
De Leo S. and Savy R. 2007, PraTiD_Normario per annotazione pragmatica.
www.parlaritaliano.it (area STRUMENTI, sezione Pra.Ti.D, file PraTiD_Normario per annotazione pragmatica.pdf).
Gundel J. 1988, Universals of topic-comment structure, in M. Hammond, E. Moravczik & J. Wirth (eds.) Studies in syntactic typology, Amsterdam, John Benjamins, pp. 209-239.
Gundel J., Hedberg N. and Zacharski R. 1993, Cognitive status and the form of referring expressions in discourse, Language 69, pp. 274-307.
Jurafsky, D. and Martin, J.H. 2009, Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Speech Recognition, and Computational Linguistics. 2nd edition. Prentice-Hall.
Lakoff R. 1973, The Logic of Politeness; or, Minding your P’s and Q’s, C. Corum, T. C. Smith-Stark, A. Weiser (eds.), Papers from the Ninth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, University of Chicago, Chicago.
Lambrecht K. 1994, Information structure and sentence form: topic, focus and the mental representation of discourse referents, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Lambrecht K. and Michaelis L. 1998, Sentence accent in information questions: Default and projection, in Linguistics & Philosophy 21(5), pp. 477-544.
Péan V., Williams S. and Eskénazi M. 1993, The design and recording of icy, a corpus for the study of intraspeaker variability and the characterisation of speaking styles, Proceedings of Eurospeech 1993, Berlin, pp. 627-630.
Prévot L. 2001, Topic Structure in Route Explanation Dialogues, in Proceedings of the workshop: Information Structure, Discourse Structure and Discourse Semantics of the 13th European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information, pp. 145-159.
Roberts C. 1996, Information Structure in Discourse: Towards an Integrated Formal Theory of Pragmatics, J.H. Yoon, A. Kathol (eds.), OSU Working Papers in Linguistics, 49, Ohio State University, Columbus, pp. 91-136.
Savy R. 2010, Pr.A.T.I.D: a coding scheme for pragmatic annotation of dialogues, Proceedings of LREC 2010, Malta.
Savy R. and Castagneto M. 2009, Funzioni comunicative e categorie d’analisi pragmatica: dal testo dialogico allo schema xml e viceversa, Linguistica e modelli tecnologici di ricerca, Proceedings of the XL Congresso SLI, Roma, Bulzoni.
Savy R. and Cutugno F. 2009, CLIPS: design, collection and coding of a corpus of spoken Italian varieties, Proceedings of the Fifth Corpus Linguistics Conference, 20-23 July 2009, Liverpool, UK.
Savy R. and Solís García I. 2008, Strategie pragmatiche in italiano e spagnolo a confronto: una prima analisi su corpus, M. Voghera (ed.), Testi e linguaggi, Roma, Carocci, pp. 214-242.
Searle J. 1969, Speech acts: An essay in the philosophy of language. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Sinclair J. and Coulthard M. 1975, Toward an Analysis of Discourse: the English Used by Teachers and Pupils. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Solís García I. and Savy R. 2012, Diferentes estrategias comunicativas en diálogos Task-oriented españoles e italianos, in Alessandro Cassol, Flavia Gherardi, Augusto Guarino, Giovanna Mapelli, Francisco Matte Bon, Pietro Taravacci (eds.), Il dialogo. Lingue, letterature, linguaggi, culture, Atti del XXV Congresso AISPI (Napoli, 18-21 febbraio 2009), Roma, Edizioni AISPI, 2012 (ISBN: 9788890789717).
Tsui A. 1994, English Conversation. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Van Dijk T.A. 1977, Sentence Topic and Discourse Topic, in Papers in Slavic Philology 1, pp. 49-61.
van Kuppevelt J. 1995, Discourse Structure, Topicality, and Questioning, in Journal of Linguistics, 31, pp. 109-47.
Voghera M. 2007, Progettare la grammatica del parlato, M. Pettorino, A. Giannini, M. Vallone, R. Savy (eds.), La comunicazione parlata, Napoli 23-25 febbraio 2006, Napoli, Liguori, III: pp. 1696-1714.
Voto D. 2010, Strategie di “risposta”: un’analisi pragmatica di dialoghi in lingua spagnola, Università degli Studi di Salerno, tesi non pubblicata.
www.parlaritaliano.it 2004. Parlare italiano: un osservatorio degli usi linguistici, portale del progetto PRIN 2004 e 2006, coordinato da M. Voghera, Università di Salerno.
Full Text: pdf
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
